When it comes to installing a car stereo in your vehicle, it's essential to understand the different types of wiring connectors available. While many of them perform similar functions, each has its own pinout and specifications that make them unique. Below, we've broken down some of the most common connectors in the car stereo world.

Power and Audio Connectors

1. ISO :

   • Description : The ISO connector is a wiring standard used in most aftermarket car radios. It has a rectangular shape with a series of pins arranged in two rows.

   • Construction : Typically 16 pins, though some versions may have fewer. The pins are designed to be easy to plug and unplug, and are usually made of metal (such as brass) to ensure good electrical conductivity.

   • Usage : Provides the connection for power and audio signals, making it a popular choice for those looking to replace their vehicle's original radio.

2. P1L :

   • Description : Similar to ISO, the P1L connector is designed specifically for certain vehicle models.

   • Construction : This connector may have a variable number of pins, usually between 8 and 16, arranged in a configuration that facilitates connection to the radio and the vehicle's electrical system.

   • Use : Allows you to connect the car radio quickly and easily, while maintaining the original functions of the audio system.

3. P2 :

   • Description : Designed for aftermarket car radios, the P2 connector is similar in shape to the ISO and P1L.

   • Construction : It also features a pin layout, which varies depending on the vehicle model. It usually has between 8 and 16 pins, allowing for multiple connections.

   • Usage : Used for power and audio functions, ensuring efficient installation.

4. RCA :

   • Description : RCA connectors are generally cylindrical in shape and are designed for audio and video transmission.

   • Construction : Each RCA connector has a center pin (for audio or video) surrounded by a metal ring that acts as a ground. Connectors typically come in color pairs: red and white (or black) for audio and yellow for video.

   • Use : They are used to connect the car radio to amplifiers, subwoofers and other audio and video devices.

5. DIN :

   • Description : The DIN connector is a type of round connector that has historically been used in car radios.

   • Construction : Typically has 5-13 pins arranged in a circle. The pins are metal and the connector is made of sturdy plastic.

   • Usage : Used for both audio and power, and is common in older audio systems.

6. AUX :

   • Description : AUX connectors are generally 3.5mm jack type, similar to those on headphones.

   • Construction : They consist of a cylindrical connector that allows the connection of external devices.

   • Use : They allow the connection of audio devices such as phones and MP3 players to the car radio.

7. Y-Cable :

   • Description : Y-Cables are shaped to allow a single signal to be split into two.

   • Construction : They are made of two connectors on one end and one on the other, allowing an audio or video signal to be split between multiple outputs.

   • Use : They are used to connect multiple devices to a single audio or video input.

8. SWC (Steering Wheel Control) :

   • Description : This connector is small and designed to fit over the controls on your steering wheel.

   • Construction : May have multiple pins, depending on specific vehicle functions.

   • Use : Facilitates control of the car radio from the steering wheel, improving comfort and safety while driving.

9. T-harness :

   • Description : T-harness adapters are connectors that simplify wiring.

   • Construction : Generally, they have multiple pins and a T-shape that allows connection to the car radio and the vehicle's original wiring.

   • Use : They are used to facilitate the installation of car radios, avoiding cuts in the original cables and maintaining the functions of the vehicle. Standard Color in Wiring

12. OBD (On-Board Diagnostics) : This interface allows communication between the vehicle and diagnostic tools, facilitating the detection of problems.

13. CANN (Controller Area Network) : This communication network is used for different electronic systems in the car to communicate with each other, not specifically for audio.

Although the pin layout varies between different connectors, they all share a color standard that indicates the function of each cable. Below are some of the standard colors and their respective functions:

• Red : Positive power supply (12V).

• Black : Earth (ground).

• White : Left audio channel (+).

• Gray : Right audio channel (+).

• Green : Rear left audio channel (+).

• Violets : Right rear audio channel (+).

• Blue : Power supply for the electric antenna.

• Yellow : Constant feeding.

• Brown : Activation signal control.